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Maria Alekseyevna Ouspenskaya ((ロシア語:Мария Алeкceeвнa Успенская); July 29, 1876 – December 3, 1949) was a Russian actress and acting teacher.〔〔Nissen, Axel. 2006. ''Actresses of a Certain Character: Forty Familiar Hollywood Faces from the Thirties to the Fifties.'' Illustrated ed. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co.; ISBN 978-0-7864-2746-8, p. 141.〕 She achieved success as a stage actress as a young woman in Russia, and as an elderly woman in Hollywood films.〔Obituary for Maria Ouspenskaya , ''Variety'', December 7, 1949; page 63.〕 ==Life and career== Ouspenskaya was born in Tula, Russian Empire, and studied singing in Warsaw, Poland, and acting in Moscow. She was a founding member of the First Studio, a theatre studio of the world-famous Moscow Art Theatre. There she was trained by Konstantin Stanislavsky and his assistant Leopold Sulerzhitsky.〔Benedetti, Jean. ''Stanislavski: His Life and Art'' (revised edition, 1999; original edition published in 1988). London: Methuen; ISBN 0-413-52520-1, pp. 209-211〕 The Moscow Art Theatre traveled widely throughout Europe, and when it arrived in New York City in 1922, Ouspenskaya decided to stay there. She performed regularly on Broadway over the next decade. She taught acting at the American Laboratory Theatre and in 1929, together with Richard Boleslawski, her colleague from the Moscow Art Theatre, she founded the School of Dramatic Art in New York City.〔 One of Ouspenskaya's students at the school during this period was Anne Baxter, then an unknown teenager. Although she had appeared in a few Russian silent films many years earlier, Ouspenskaya stayed away from Hollywood until her school's financial problems forced her to look for ways to repair her finances. According to ads from ''Popular Song'' magazine in the 1930s, around this time Ouspenskaya also opened the Maria Ouspenskaya School of Dance on Vine Street in Los Angeles. Her pupils included Marge Champion, the model for Disney's ''Snow White''. In spite of her pronunciation of the English language being markedly inflected by a Russian accent, she did find work in Hollywood, playing European characters of various national origins. Her first Hollywood role was in ''Dodsworth'' (1936), which brought her a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.〔Robinson, Harlow. 2007. ''Russians in Hollywood, Hollywood's Russians: Biography of an Image.'' Boston: Northeastern UP; ISBN 978-1-55553-686-2, page 81〕 (Her onscreen appearance in that film was one of the briefest ever to garner a nomination.) She received a second Oscar nomination for her role in ''Love Affair'' (1939). She portrayed Maleva, an old Gypsy fortuneteller in the horror films ''The Wolf Man'' (1941) and ''Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man'' (1943). Other films in which she appeared were: ''The Rains Came'' (1939), ''Waterloo Bridge'' (1940), ''Beyond Tomorrow'' (1940), ''Dance, Girl, Dance'' (1940), ''The Mortal Storm'' (1940), ''Dr. Ehrlich's Magic Bullet'' (1940), and ''Kings Row'' (1942). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Maria Ouspenskaya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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